Onychomycosis, or fungus – one of the most common and insidious disease, which urgently need to heal, to provoke the development of complications. In this disease, the affected board nails on the hands or feet, and then also some land nearby skin. The affected area has an unattractive appearance and is perceived as a serious aesthetic problem that can cause a lot of complexes. In addition, with the progression of the disease, the body will suffer from the toxins that the fungal microflora allocates in the process of your life. This is the reason why you need to learn to determine the nail fungus at the initial stage.
Fungus nails at an early stage — sources of infection
Mushroom nails at the initial stage takes place practically without symptoms, in that lies its main danger. Mold spores are always present in the environment, are able to survive on the surface of the soil and even at a temperature below the freezing point. But it is especially beneficial for them the warm and humid microclimate, in which they multiply at an incredible rate.
Methods of infection fungal infection is many. Danger lurks everywhere, because all that is needed fungus for breeding is located in the microscopic scales of skin and nails, that spread around the man, sick of onychomycosis. It is enough just to walk barefoot, to wear someone else's shower, make use of a common towel, or just hold out for the railing in a public transport.
When this infection is faster just taking root in the body in the case, when his protective power weakened, and on the skin are damaged (scratches, cracks, calluses). Lovers of bath procedures is necessary to know that the greatest danger they are wooden stalls, floors and other household objects from this natural material. The fact is, that the tree has a porous structure, and even a thorough disinfection is not able to completely remove from it the mycelium of mold.
The reasons leading to the disease
To fungus can without hindrance penetrate into the body and begin their destructive activity, are necessary in some conditions. It is known that fungal infection more often exposed to people of an older age and patients with reduced immunity. In addition, to contribute to the disease these may inducing factors:
- Violation of the rules of personal hygiene.
- Damage to the skin (scrapes, scuffed, abraded), through which mold spores easily penetrate into the body.
- Continuous contact with water or chemicals and detergents, making the skin on the fingers becomes dry and easily damaged.
- Wearing of clothing made from synthetics and narrow uncomfortable shoes made of synthetic materials. Such clothing and footwear gives the skin to breathe, causing increased sweating and creating a warm and moist environment favorable for breeding of mushrooms.
- Disturbances in the functioning of the endocrine and the immune system;
- Chronic diseases (diabetes, obesity, metabolic disorders, diseases of the organs of the digestive tract, venous insufficiency).
- Intake of certain drugs (antibiotics, hormonal agents and cytotoxic drugs).
- A professional factor. Fungal infections often affect the representatives of the professions - related services-for customers (hairdressers, massage therapists, cashiers, the staff of the baths and saunas).
- Climatic characteristics of the area. The highest risk they are exposed to residents of areas with a hot climate and high humidity, because it is the ideal environment for the proliferation of pathogenic micro-organisms.
- The age factor. Most often fungal lesions of the nail are diagnosed in people of an older age and it has to do with the fact that with age slows down the growth of the nail plate and deteriorating its supply of nutrients.
Numerous studies and relentless statistics testifies that every lived 10 years of life increase the risk of developing a fungal infection in 2 times.
The mechanism of infection
After the mold spores have penetrated into the skin over the affected begins with the development of infection. After getting mold spores in the skin goes through a certain incubation period, which lasts a very long time. It is to be a sponge to start actively breeding. Fungus taking root where they have a growing medium: under the plates on the nails and on the skin of the feet. To date, there are up to 50 species of mold, which can lead to the defeat of the nail plate, but the main share still falls on the group on dermatomitsety.
The disease process, when onychomycosis is localized not in the nail, and under his plate, in hřebíkPTO bed. On the degree of penetration of the fungus deep into the tissue develops underhřebíkhowl hyperkeratosis that supports the disconnection of the nail plate and its slow destruction.
For it to timely determine the beginning of the disease, it is necessary to know, how looks the initial stage of nail fungus. Because without correct and effective treatment of onychomycosis disease will steadily progress and can accompany a person throughout life.
The symptoms of the initial stage of onychomycosis
Nail fungus is caused by fungi – parasites, which begins to destroy healthy tissue after only a few days after infection. To fix a bad situation is only possible in the case to take timely measures. Otherwise it will lead to a gradual destruction of the and the volume of the nail plate, which can lead to complete loss of nails and other unpleasant complications.
As a result of the disease affected nails will look pretty specifically, what it is possible to see on the photo the initial stage of nail fungus. It thickens, changes color and shape over time, it can not cut using ordinary nail scissors.
Depending on the type of mold symptoms of the disease may be different, but there are some symptoms, which are characteristic for all versions:
- itching in the lesion – these feelings, in particular, prevents the fulfillment of usual everyday affairs;
- between the fingers on the hands and feet are observed redness and irritation of the skin;
- clouding of the nail plate, the demise of healthy shine;
- between the nail and the bed will be a gap;
- change the color of the nail, which is of pale pink acquires a yellowish-gray, brown, brown or even black shade;
- the formation of cracks on the skin of the fingers on the hands or feet;
- flaking of the nail plate;
- increased capillary of the nail, which then starts to crumble and fall apart;
- the unpleasant smell.
Especially fast in the initial stage will take place in that case, if a man prefers to carry narrow and inconvenient footwear made of thick synthetic material, not jumping the air and which prevents ventilation. This contributes to increased sweating and creating a warm and moist environment, favorable for the development of mold.
Most often, nail fungus affects the feet, although sometimes it is possible, the notification and on the hands. First, in the structure of the nail is made up of several yellowish cavities, which look like spots and divorce. Then will nail plate develop yellowish on the hands becomes thicker and darkens. A sick person will notice that it becomes difficult to trim your nails a common nail with scissors, and also handle with the help of cutting or special tweezers.
Treatment of nail fungus at the initial stage on the feet and hands
It is not necessary to try to yourself to cure nail fungus. So as there are several species of mold and not all drugs are the same for them effective, it may be so, they themselves bought in the pharmacy the drug in this case turns out to be useless. Therefore, it is worth to note that in any stage of the disease without medical intervention of professionals can not do.
Then, what will be fixed in the initial stage of nail fungus on your feet or on your hands, it is necessary to immediately start treatment. The optimal scheme of treatment and the necessary medicines will select the doctor - a dermatologist on the basis of the results of the analyses.
There are 2 ways how to treat nail fungus:
- antifungal agents for topical use;
- herbal remedies for ingestion.
Modern local antifungal medications well help in the treatment of diseases, is used for outdoor processing of contaminated nail.
Means for removal of the affected nail
The doctor may prescribe medication. They should handle the nails once a day. Before applying a new layer of curative means, the legs of the steam in the hot water, and the top layer of the nail clean nail file. Similar products are an excellent alternative to surgical intervention, because they allow in a short time the removal of the affected nail.
Drops from nail fungus. In their composition contains substances with antiseptic and antifungal effects (essential oils, waxes, acid), as well as urea, contributes to the dissolution of the infected nail plate.
Then nail the fix it with a patch and leave it for a certain time (from 1 to 4 nights). Furthermore, the procedure is repeated in the same order in the meantime, until the affected nails completely cleared.
External funds from the mold at the initial stage
Part of the comprehensive treatment of onychomycosis specialist necessarily allow external resources from the mold.
The external means are applied according to the instructions. The standard scheme of treatment involves the use of medication on the affected nails 1-2 times a day. Some antifungal lacquers enough to apply only 1 time per week. Reliably prevent the spread of infection and contribute to the liquidation of the mold.
Treatment of nail fungus at the initial stage of the folk ways
For best effect, in addition to the main course of treatment, the designated medical practitioner, you can use folk remedies.
- Well established cleaning up the nail plate to iodine. It is necessary 2 times a day to apply the iodine on the nails and the skin around it, that to kill active mold spores and the affected area disinfected. Whereas, iodine dries the nails, after a week's course to make a break for a few days.
- Garlic has powerful disinfectant properties, and rapidly destroys pathogenic microflora, so it is often used to treat onychomycosis. It is necessary to take one clove of garlic, peel it and grate on a grater. The resulting mash should be applied on the affected area and roll up the bandage. Leave the mixture overnight and in the morning take off. Perform the procedure until the improvement of the condition.
- Juice of celandine also helps to remove the fungus from the nails. It is necessary to take the stem of the plant and break. On the spot breakage stands out a thick yellowish milky juice. The fresh juice of lubricate the affected areas of the nails. But before you use this method, you need to test yourself for allergies, to not have negative effects.
- The onion will help to cope with the fungus yeast type. It needs to be cleaned onions from the husk, grate it on a grater and the resulting mass mixed with a teaspoon of honey. Enough to this mixture on the nail plate for a few hours a day and several days will already be a noticeable improvement.
- Alleviate the condition of the nail when fungus you bath with the addition of soda. For the preparation of the solution it is necessary to take 1 tbsp of soda in 2.5 l of water and add liquid soap. Take the trays you need each day for 15 minutes.
Folk remedies treatment of nail fungus are effective enough, but it is better to combine with drug treatment, the designated doctor. This complex therapy will allow to cope with the infection in a short time, return nails a healthier appearance and restore their structure.
Treatment of onychomycosis is considered the most complete in the case when the affected athlete will be nail plate develop a yellowish fully replaced healthy. It's a long process, however, the course of treatment should be completed by the end of the abort can not be. To confirm the absence of fungal microflora must laboratory analysis, which they do twice: two weeks after the end of treatment and one month.
Only in the case where the analysis result is in both cases negative, it can be assumed that come in a full recovery. But even in this case, on our laurels is not possible to prevent possible recurrence of the disease and to exclude re-infection, it is necessary to strictly observe the rules of hygiene and the use of antifungal agents (varnishes, creams, ointments) in the prophylactic purposes.
When folk remedies can help, then it is in the treatment of mold at the initial stage it is possible to use preparations on a natural basis.
Prevention
The main methods of prevention of mould of the nails on the hands are:
- observance of personal hygiene. Hands should be thoroughly washed after travel on public transport, on a trip to the store, etc.;
- application baths for the hands – allows you to increase the local immunity;
- applying to the skin of hands preventive cream with antifungal effect;
- perform nail extensions no more than 1 times per 6 months;
- only use for personal nail needs.
For addition, to prevent the occurrence of nail fungus on your feet, it is necessary to observe the following precautions:
- wear only dry shoes;
- use socks made of natural materials, which provide a good air — and heat transfer;
- in the common areas of the hotel – pool, sauna, SPA and so on only use your shoes;
- no, to get the aliens kits for a pedicure.
It's not worth it to paint the affected nails colored lacquer, so it's even more damage and slow recovery.
Effective and correctly selected for the treatment of it is not yet everything. It is necessary to carefully disinfect all surfaces with which contact sick – bed linen, clothes, shoes, floor, etc. Man who was sick of onychomycosis, will be to a greater extent prone to this disease.